Calculate the beta ratio, reynolds number, discharge coefficient, mass and volumetric flow rate through ascast, machined, or roughwelded convergent section venturi meters for both liquid and compressible flow applications. Flow meter is a device that measures the rate of flow or quantity of a moving fluid in an open or closed. Expired lifetime application number us7688a inventor tesla nikola. Fluid meters are divided into two functional groups. Fluid flow measurement selection and sizing oilproduction. St75st75v mass flow meter installation and operation guide. Hedland ez view flow meters provide a lower cost alternative to standard hedland flow meters. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. Iso 3966, measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits velocityarea method using pitotstatic tubes.
Fluid flow introduction fluid flow is an important part of many processes, including transporting materials from one point to another, mixing of materials, and chemical reactions. Fluids such as gases and liquids in motion are called fluid flow. The flow measuring apparatus is used to familiarize the students with typical methods of flow measurement of an incompressible fluid and, at the same time demonstrate applications of the bernoullis equation. Common methods of producing differential pressure dp 1. There is a tendency to make flow measurement a highly theoretical and technical subject but what most influences quality measurement is the practical application of meters, metering principles, and metering equipment and the use of quality equipment that can continue to function through the years with proper maintenance have the most influence in obtaining quality measurement. Pdf che241 lab report flowmeter measurement apparatus. The only way to test a pump and motors safely and effectively is to use a flow meter. Laminar flow occurs when the average velocity is comparatively low. The transit time is defined with the help of radiation detectors placed on the outside of the pipe. This reference flow value is compared with the simultaneous flow value given by the flow measurement to be calibrated. Open channel flow occur when the flowing stream has a free or unconstrained surface open to the atmosphere.
Pdf water flow calibration facilities wfcfs are widely used for the calibration of water flowmeters. An introduction to the theory of fluid flow meters. The first part is the primary element which is in contact with the fluid. Variable area flow meters and flow switches precision fluid. Electromagnetic flow meters will only work if the fluid is conductive and the pipe, where the flow meter is attached, is nonconductive. We apply our compressed air and fluid management knowledge to every industrial process solution we recommend, and we provide the products and the people needed to help your operation run more efficiently, safely and sustainably. To produce standardized meter performance, the factory calibration procedure measures flow q and output e, and adjusts k electrically. Increase of fluid flow velocity through the reduced area at the orifice develops a diff. It offers extreme corrosion resistance and uses compression technology for leak free operation up to 120 psig. May 24, 2012 orifice flow meters the flow rate can be calculated from the measured pressure drop across the orifice plate, p1p3. Mass flow rate is the ideal measurement value because it is independent of pressure and temperature, although volume flow rate is usually technically more convenient to measure and, therefore, is preferred. Flow measurement and control system in oil gas industry. Ideal for monitoring pump performance and media flows in hydraulic systems. Made from highimpact thermoplastics like polysulfone and radel.
This unique design is inherently less sensitive to shock and vibration than other variable area flow meters. These equations explain the simplicity of the flow metering principle, and the inherently linear relationship between fluid. Obstruction flow meters are the simples and oldest of the measurement classes. For example, if you are pouring water from a mug, the velocity of water is very. Fluid mechanics notes pdf fm notes pdf starts with. There are many types of flow meters for various applications. The kilogram is the mass of a platinumiridium cylinder kept at sevres in france. Check out this selection to find flow meters that can handle petroleum products, nonpotable water and compatible chemicals for fueldispensing pumps and industrial flow measurement. Theory of fluid flow meters learning instrumentation and. An introduction to different types of fluid flowmeters orifices, venturies. Here you can download the free fluid mechanics pdf notes fm pdf notes latest and old materials with multiple file links to download. Meter calibrations for fluid flow and dispense systems learn how to perform meter calibrations on the procontrol 1ke plus and prodispense in only 18 minutes.
Basics equations for fluid flow the continuity equation q v. The flow of a fluid in a pipe depends upon two fundamental laws, the conservation of mass and energy. Here you can find a hot water flow meter to measure the flow of hot water for your application. The flow element has a serial number etched into the side of the hex as shown on figure a. The angular rotational velocity of the turbine rotor is directly proportional to the fluid velocity through the turbine. We apply our compressed air and fluid management knowledge to.
Accordingly, the fluid flow diagnostics are classified as measurement of local properties. The hedland water and other fluid flow meters low cost, yet rugged variable area flow meters. Less visible are the flow of air and the flow of fluids on the ground and within the people fighting the fire. Magnetic flow meters are good for measuring difficult and corrosive liquids and slurries. This familyowned business started out making variable flow switches for the. Flowmeters liquid flow meters grainger industrial supply. Theory overview of flow measurement using differential. The basic theory behind daniel liquid turbine meters is relatively simple. Flows in canals or vented pipelines like drain and.
Flow measurementorifice meter fluid mechanics coursera. Chapter pdf available december 2017 with 7,071 reads. Iso 3354, measurement of clean water flow in closed conduits velocityarea method using current meters. Types of fluid flow meters an introduction to different types of fluid flowmeters orifices, venturies, nozzles, rotameters, pitot tubes, calorimetrics, turbine, vortex, electromagnetic, doppler, ultrasonic, thermal, coriolis.
Technical note 12, differential pressure mass flow meter, rev. Flow measurement is the quantification of bulk fluid movement. And now we can substitute into the equation, and the answer is 7. The most common outputs are a sine wave or squarewave frequency but signal conditioners can be mounted on top for analog outputs and explosion proof classifications. Flow measurement and instrumentation journal elsevier. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed. Flow meters are available in anodized aluminum, brass, t303 and t316 stainless steel, with sae, nptf, bspp, and code 61 and code 62 4bolt flanged ports. The flow is determined using a sudden enlargement, venturi meter. Digital water meter totalizer and flow rate dm series. A practical guide to accurate flow measurement lanasa, paul j. Can be used with gases, liquids, corrosive, and high temperature fluids.
Epub solution manual for fluid mechanics for chemical engineers. Fluid pressure and flow is a free flow simulation software for windows. Most common flowmeters require clean fluids free of suspensions for proper operation. Applications include steam flow, boiler feedwater, and fluid flow rates in building water lines. These hedland flow meters features quality metal construction in brass or stainless steel. Intro to fluid flow dublin institute of technology. The flow is determined using a sudden enlargement, venturi meter, orifice plate, elbow and. Pdf fluid flow measurement techniques researchgate. When you have completed this tutorial, you should be able to do the following. This easytoread flow meter is a reliable and trouble free flow rate indicator, monitoring a variety of liquids and gases including.
Flow measurement flow measurement fluid dynamics free. Pipe and other internal flow 7% of fe morning session. Georgiou department of mathematics and statistics university of cyprus nicosia, cyprus andreas n. Reasons to choose a magnetic pickoff use on ft32 and larger meters. Ppt basic flow measurement powerpoint presentation free. Fluid flow causes the float to rise in the tube as the. Mechanical flow meters typically cannot extract enough energy to give linear and therefore accurate results. There are many different types of flow meters available on the market.
When choosing flow meters, one should consider such intangible factors as familiarity of plant personnel, their experience with calibration and maintenance, spare parts availability, and mean time between failure history, etc. Flow rate and total flow measurement of gases and liquids. Water from the hose and smoke from the fire are visible flows. A flow meter or flow sensor is an instrument used to measure linear, nonlinear, mass or volumetric flow rate of a liquid or a gas. The common types of flowmeters with industrial applications are listed below. Fluid flow through the meter impinges upon the turbine blades which are free to rotate about an axis along the center line of the turbine housing. The design of flow measurement systems involves a wide variety of multidisciplinary activities including modelling the flow sensor, the fluid flow and the sensor fluid. Fluid flow your compressed air and process equipment experts. In certain applications, a manual reset feature is desirable. Ppt basic flow measurement powerpoint presentation. Introduction to pipe flow measurement the process piping.
The orifice, nozzle and venturi flow meters use the bernoullis equation to. B let piezometer tube chapter 6 viscous flow in ducts sfu. Fluid mechanics pdf notes fm pdf notes smartzworld. A liquid flow meter from grainger can help easily monitor liquid flow rates for water, fuels, viscous fluids and more. Industrial flow measurement industrial flow measurement. Flow measurement has a history of about 3000 years. Errorfree condition in a traditional diverter motion 23.
Hedland variable area flow meters and flow switches. Industrial flow metersflow transmitters introduction flow meters are an integral tool for measuring the flow of liquid, gas, or a mixture of both in applications used in the food and beverage industry, oil and gas plants, and chemicalpharmaceutical factories. In it, you get three simulation sections to produce simulations based on fluids. With the aid of microprocessor technology now discharge coefficient calculations can be done in real time. This calculator also covers nozzle calculations for compressible flow. Designed for use wherever there is an application for a conventional flow. Pdf fluid mechanics textbook by rk bansal free download. As a fluid moves a shear stress is developed in it. By comparison, electronic flow meters often have problems with sensitivity, zero drift and response times again. Differential pressure also known as head type flow measurement devices are designed to change the fluid flowing velocity or direction.
Most of the equations and discussions are oriented toward solving for pressure drop given well defined fluids, flow rates, and geometry in simple hydraulic systems. It involves the motion of a fluid subjected to unbalanced forces. Micro motion corrosion guide 3 coriolis flow and density meters continued chemical potential the chemical potential is a measure of the oxidizing or reducing power of a process fluid. This free, 40minute webinar explores how to evaluate onecomponent 1k fluid management. Fluid flow is a part of fluid mechanics and deals with fluid dynamics. Multijet hot and cold water meter 34 economy series. Flow meter manuals, drawings, certifications, and other. Use these flow meters to setup, adjust and test hydraulic pumps, motors, cylinders and more. All fluid meters consist of two distinct parts, each of which has a different function to perform. Orifice plate flow meters are differential pressure sensors for flow rate. This familyowned business started out making variable flow switches for the automotive industry and today services concrete, defense, chemical processing, mining, wastewater, energy, electronics, laboratories, medical, and many other industries. Fluid flow products and our family of companies offer bestinclass compressed air and fluid processing expertise, products and service. The connecting lines must be clean and free from obstructions. Fluid flow measurement can encompass a wide variety of fluids and.
In this experiment, you will investigate fluid flow in a pipe network and will explore several methods rotameter, orifice and venturi meters for measurement of the. In laminar flow, the fluid moves smoothly in orderly layers, with little or no mixing of the fluid across the flow. Can be used on smaller flow meters with reduced flow. When choosing flowmeters, one should consider such intangible factors as familiarity of plant personnel, their experience with calibration and maintenance, spare parts availability, and mean time between failure history, etc. This motion continues as long as unbalanced forces are applied. Flowmeters are widely used in process industry to measure fluid flow for process flow control or simply for monitoring purposes. In addition, the enclosure tag also shows serial and model numbers. St75st75v mass flow meter installation and operation guide preinstallation serial number alignment the st75 and st75v vortab can be specified with integral or remote electronics. Hedland water and other fluid flow meters rotameters.
Pdf flow measurement and control system in oil gas industry. Che241 lab report flowmeter measurement apparatus fm101 2015. The volume flow is obtained by multiplying the measured average fluid flow velocity by the inner pipe crosssection. Fluid flow definition and types fluid flow rate examples. The fm4 series pfaptfe flowmeter is designed for ultrahigh purity applications where precise flow control of liquids is required. It is one of the popular books for mechanical engineering and civil engineering students. These inline flow rate indicators are industrial class and can be used in high temperature water and other fluids. Simulation sections provided in this software are pressure, flow, and water tower. Here you can find a liquid flow meter also called fluid flow meter thats ideal for liquid flow measurement. Flow measurement and instrumentation is dedicated to disseminating the latest research results on all aspects of flow measurement, in both closed conduits and open channels. Klm is providing the introduction to this guideline for free on the internet. Flow meters can be installed immediately adjacent to 90degree elbows or other components to provide greatest system design flexibility, while saving installation time and money. Pdf global water flow measurement and calibration facilities. The flow section is the main flow simulation section of this software that provides a realistic simulation of.
The rotameter consists of a tapered glass metering tube that has a float inside that is free to. Flow meter should be recalibrated when pickoff is changed. Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits guidance to the selection, installation and use of coriolis flowmeters mass flow, density and volume flow measurements. The meters consists of a multibladed rotor mounted at right angles to the flow and suspended in the fluid stream on a free running bearing. The basic operating principle of differential pressure flowmeter is based on the premise that the pressure drop across the meter.
Fci product knowledge workshop offers free training on. Magnetic flow meters also have problems with the electrodes corroding while in contact with the fluid in the pipe. A typical flowmeter datasheet captures important parameters for its design. Hydracheck hydraulic flow meter basic inline flow meters. Liquidfluid, lowflow flow sensors, meters and indicators are a challenging application to satisfy.
1191 16 59 9 1292 754 790 1321 573 345 646 152 219 360 1445 1251 550 1415 1291 792 775 631 969 84 879 830 335 21 445 1339 832 1225 964 292 391 1018 498 378 728